Number of people living in extreme poverty in Madagascar
Madagascar: Number of people living in extreme poverty was 9.33 million people in 2021. ▲ Rising
Number of people living in extreme poverty in Madagascar, 1980–2021
Source: World Bank Poverty and Inequality Platform (2026) – with major processing by Our World in Data. Measured in people.
Analysis
In 2021, number of people living in extreme poverty in Madagascar stood at 9.33 million people. That is the highest value across all 9 years on record.
That represents a change of up 21.1% over ten years.
Over the whole period, number of people living in extreme poverty in Madagascar peaked at 9.33 million people in 2021 and was at its lowest, 2.26 million people, in 1993.
That places Madagascar 70th out of 120 countries with data for 2021, putting it in the middle of the range.
Number of people living in extreme poverty in Madagascar, year by year
| Year | people | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1980 | 3.45 million people | — |
| 1993 | 2.26 million people | -34.5% |
| 1997 | 2.90 million people | +28.4% |
| 1999 | 3.44 million people | +18.6% |
| 2001 | 7.25 million people | +110.8% |
| 2005 | 8.56 million people | +18.2% |
| 2010 | 7.70 million people | -10.1% |
| 2012 | 7.82 million people | +1.6% |
| 2021 | 9.33 million people | +19.2% |
Madagascar compared with similar countries
- Madagascar's 9.33 million people is above the median for low income countries, which is 9.33 million people, 1.0× the median. (13 countries reporting)
- Madagascar's 9.33 million people is below the median for Sub-Saharan Africa, which is 10.66 million people, 87% of the median. (26 countries reporting)
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1980s | 3.45 million people | 3.45 million people | 3.45 million people | 1 |
| 1990s | 2.86 million people | 2.26 million people | 3.44 million people | 3 |
| 2000s | 7.90 million people | 7.25 million people | 8.56 million people | 2 |
| 2010s | 7.76 million people | 7.70 million people | 7.82 million people | 2 |
| 2020s | 9.33 million people | 9.33 million people | 9.33 million people | 1 |
Countries ranked near Madagascar
More poverty & inequality data for Madagascar
- Number of income/consumption surveys in the past decade available via the World Bank 1 surveys (2025)
- Number of income/consumption surveys in the past decade available via 0 surveys per person (2025)
- Number of income/consumption surveys in the past decade available via 0 surveys per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Fertility rate vs. share living in extreme poverty 3.97 live births per woman (2023)
- Cereal yield vs. share in extreme poverty 2,426 kg per hectare (2023)
- Cereal yield vs extreme poverty, per unit of GDP 0 units per US$ of GDP (2023)
- Cereal yield vs extreme poverty, annual growth rate -18.49 % change on previous year (2023)
- Tax revenues vs income inequality, gaps filled 10.39 (2023)
- Tax revenue as share of GDP vs. income inequality 10.4% (2023)
- Tax revenues vs income inequality, per unit of GDP 0 units per US$ of GDP (2023)
Frequently asked questions
- What is number of people living in extreme poverty in Madagascar?
- Number of people living in extreme poverty in Madagascar was 9.33 million people in 2021, according to World Bank Poverty and Inequality Platform (2026) – with major processing by Our World in Data.
- What is the highest number of people living in extreme poverty recorded in Madagascar?
- The highest recorded value was 9.33 million people in 2021.
- What is the lowest number of people living in extreme poverty recorded in Madagascar?
- The lowest recorded value was 2.26 million people in 1993.
- How does Madagascar rank for number of people living in extreme poverty?
- Madagascar ranks 70th out of 120 countries with data for 2021.
- Is number of people living in extreme poverty rising or falling in Madagascar?
- Over the last ten years it is up 21.1%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this Madagascar data come from?
- The figures come from World Bank Poverty and Inequality Platform (2026) – with major processing by Our World in Data, published as part of Number of people living in extreme poverty. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
Number of people living in households with an income or consumption above $3 per day.