Relative poverty: Share of population below 40% of the median in Estonia
Estonia: Relative poverty: Share of population below 40% of the median was 4.9% in 2023. ▼ Falling
Relative poverty: Share of population below 40% of the median in Estonia, 1993–2023
Source: World Bank Poverty and Inequality Platform (2026) – with major processing by Our World in Data. Measured in %.
Analysis
The most recent figure for relative poverty: share of population below 40% of the median in Estonia is 4.9%, measured in 2023. That is the lowest value across all 22 years on record.
That represents a change of down 18.2% on the previous year and down 33.0% over ten years.
Over the whole period, relative poverty: share of population below 40% of the median in Estonia peaked at 8.7% in 2003 and was at its lowest, 4.9%, in 2023.
That places Estonia 72nd out of 120 countries with data for 2023, putting it in the middle of the range.
The long-run direction has been consistently falling across the 22 years of available data.
Relative poverty: Share of population below 40% of the median in Estonia, year by year
| Year | % | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1993 | 8.0% | — |
| 2003 | 8.7% | +8.8% |
| 2004 | 7.6% | -13.4% |
| 2005 | 6.5% | -14.6% |
| 2006 | 5.8% | -10.5% |
| 2007 | 5.4% | -6.1% |
| 2008 | 5.9% | +7.8% |
| 2009 | 6.2% | +5.2% |
| 2010 | 7.7% | +25.6% |
| 2011 | 6.6% | -14.8% |
| 2012 | 6.6% | +0.1% |
| 2013 | 7.4% | +11.4% |
| 2014 | 7.0% | -4.8% |
| 2015 | 6.8% | -3.3% |
| 2016 | 6.0% | -10.9% |
| 2017 | 5.3% | -13.0% |
| 2018 | 5.6% | +6.6% |
| 2019 | 5.2% | -6.7% |
| 2020 | 5.5% | +4.8% |
| 2021 | 4.9% | -9.7% |
| 2022 | 6.0% | +22.0% |
| 2023 | 4.9% | -18.2% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 8.0% | 8.0% | 8.0% | 1 |
| 2000s | 6.6% | 5.4% | 8.7% | 7 |
| 2010s | 6.4% | 5.2% | 7.7% | 10 |
| 2020s | 5.3% | 4.9% | 6.0% | 4 |
Countries ranked near Estonia
More poverty & inequality data for Estonia
- Number of income/consumption surveys in the past decade available via the World Bank 8 surveys (2025)
- Number of income/consumption surveys in the past decade available via 0 surveys per person (2025)
- Number of income/consumption surveys in the past decade available via 0 surveys per US$ of GDP (2025)
- Fertility rate vs. share living in extreme poverty 1.35 live births per woman (2023)
- Cereal yield vs. share in extreme poverty 3,410 kg per hectare (2023)
- Cereal yield vs extreme poverty, per unit of GDP 0 units per US$ of GDP (2023)
- Cereal yield vs extreme poverty, annual growth rate -19.29 % change on previous year (2023)
- Tax revenues vs income inequality, gaps filled 33.51 (2023)
- Tax revenue as share of GDP vs. income inequality 33.5% (2023)
- Tax revenues vs income inequality, per unit of GDP 0 units per US$ of GDP (2023)
Frequently asked questions
- What is relative poverty: share of population below 40% of the median in Estonia?
- Relative poverty: share of population below 40% of the median in Estonia was 4.9% in 2023, according to World Bank Poverty and Inequality Platform (2026) – with major processing by Our World in Data.
- What is the highest relative poverty: share of population below 40% of the median recorded in Estonia?
- The highest recorded value was 8.7% in 2003.
- What is the lowest relative poverty: share of population below 40% of the median recorded in Estonia?
- The lowest recorded value was 4.9% in 2023.
- How does Estonia rank for relative poverty: share of population below 40% of the median?
- Estonia ranks 72nd out of 120 countries with data for 2023.
- Is relative poverty: share of population below 40% of the median rising or falling in Estonia?
- Over the last ten years it is down 33.0%. The long-run trend across the full record is falling.
- Where does this Estonia data come from?
- The figures come from World Bank Poverty and Inequality Platform (2026) – with major processing by Our World in Data, published as part of Relative poverty: Share of population below 40% of the median. Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
Download this data
CSV · JSON — 22 observations, free to reuse under CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data).
About this data
Percentage of population living in households with an income or consumption below 40% of the median.