China vs India: Share of population living in extreme poverty

China
5.0%
in 2018
India
9.0%
in 2018
China rank
7th
India rank
5th

Share of population living in extreme poverty over time

  • China
  • India
020406080182019192018

How they compare

India currently reports 9.0% against 5.0% in China, a difference of 4.0%.

That makes India's figure about 1.8 times China's.

The two have swapped places 3 times across 21 shared years of data; in 1820 it was China ahead.

China ranks 7th and India ranks 5th of 25 countries.

Across the 20 decades both report, China averaged higher in 18 and India in 2.

Head to head by decade

Decade China India Difference Ahead
1820s 76.0% 65.0% 11.0% China
1830s 76.0% 65.0% 11.0% China
1840s 77.0% 65.0% 12.0% China
1850s 78.0% 65.0% 13.0% China
1860s 78.0% 67.0% 11.0% China
1870s 77.0% 70.0% 7.0% China
1880s 76.0% 68.0% 8.0% China
1890s 73.0% 63.0% 10.0% China
1900s 74.0% 61.0% 13.0% China
1910s 77.0% 51.0% 26.0% China
1920s 76.0% 57.0% 19.0% China
1930s 77.0% 48.0% 29.0% China
1940s 79.0% 53.0% 26.0% China
1950s 84.0% 61.0% 23.0% China
1960s 73.0% 66.0% 7.0% China
1970s 75.0% 67.0% 8.0% China
1980s 53.0% 49.0% 4.0% China
1990s 42.0% 47.0% 5.0% India
2000s 33.0% 32.0% 1.0% China
2010s 12.0% 16.0% 4.0% India

Averages of every year both report within each decade.

Frequently asked questions

Which has higher share of population living in extreme poverty, China or India?
India, at 9.0% against 5.0% in China as of 2018.
What is the difference in share of population living in extreme poverty between China and India?
4.0%, with India ahead.
How many years of comparable data are there for China and India?
21 years are reported by both, from 1820 to 2018.
How do China and India rank globally for share of population living in extreme poverty?
China ranks 7th and India ranks 5th of 25 countries.
Where does this data come from?
Michalis Moatsos (2021) – with major processing by Our World in Data, published as Share of population living in extreme poverty. Statizoid refreshes it automatically from the source and publishes the full history for both places.

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China vs India: Share of population living in extreme poverty. Statizoid, drawing on Michalis Moatsos (2021) – with major processing by Our World in Data. Retrieved 07 September 2026, from https://poverty.statizoid.com/compare/share-of-population-living-in-extreme-poverty-lines-cbn/china/india/

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About this data

Indicator
Share of population living in extreme poverty
Unit
%
Source
Michalis Moatsos (2021) – with major processing by Our World in Data
Licence
CC BY 4.0 (Our World in Data)
Coverage
25 places, 525 data points, 1820–2018
Last refreshed

Share of the population unable to meet basic needs (including minimal nutrition and adequately heated shelter) according to prices of locally-available goods and services at the time..